VIA processors

VIA Processors

VIA offers a wide range of power efficient processors that are driving system innovation in the PC, client, ultra mobile and embedded markets. Providing industry leading performance per watt, miniaturization, low power consumption and compatibility with a complete range of feature rich VIA digital media chipsets, VIA processors are powering the new generation of embedded, mobile and consumer electronics devices.
The VIA Nano™ processor family and the VIA C7® processor family are targeted to specific applications based on power consumption and performance criteria, ranging from higher performance for mainstream desktop and notebook PCs, fanless operation to power saving capabilities for battery operated mobile devices.
VIA processors are designed by Centaur Technology, a wholly owned subsidiary of VIA Technologies, Inc. based in Austin Texas;

VIA Nano™ Processor

The first 64-bit, superscalar processors in VIA's x86 platform portfolio, VIA Nano processors have been specifically designed to revitalize traditional desktop, mobile and server markets, delivering truly optimized performance for the most demanding computing, entertainment and connectivity applications.
Building on the market-leading energy efficiency of the VIA C7® processor family, the VIA Nano processor family offers as much as four times the performance within the same power range to extend VIA's performance per watt leadership, while pin compatibility with VIA C7 processors will ensure a smooth transition for OEMs and motherboard vendors, providing them with an easy upgrade path for current system or board designs.
The VIA Nano processor family leverages advanced 65 nanometer process technology for the ideal blend of powerful performance and energy efficiency. Underscoring VIA's leadership in processor miniaturization, the VIA Nano processor comes with ultra compact dimensions, enabling a new generation of small form factor designs and new, smaller applications for the x86 platform.

• Package size: Compact VIA NanoBGA2 package (21mm x 21mm)
• Die size: 7.650mm x 8.275mm  (63.3 square mm)

VIA Nano 3000 Series Processors

Based on a new and enhanced 'Isaiah' architecture, and taking advantages of key fabrication optimizations, the latest VIA Nano 3000 Series processors deliver improved computational performance of approx twenty percent while also using up to twenty percent less energy overall.
These core improvements make the VIA Nano 3000 series processors an even more compelling option for a range of devices including thin and light notebooks, bringing a rich HD entertainment experience, including support for smooth playback of high bit-rate HD video, as well as low power consumption resulting in longer battery life.  New VIA Nano 3000 Series processors also bring enhanced digital media performance and lower power consumption to Windows 7-based devices including all-in-one desktop PC.
Building on the key features that made the VIA Nano processor a success, VIA Nano 3000 series processors now support a host of advanced features including 64-bit support, advanced CPU virtualization technology, SSE4 for enhanced multimedia processing, and the industry-leading encryption and security capabilities integrated in the VIA PadLock™ Security Engine.
VIA Nano 3000 series processors are fully compatible with all Microsoft operating systems, including the new Windows 7, as well as all popular Linux distributions. VIA Nano 3000 Series processors also use the NanoBGA2 package, making them pin-to-pin compatible with VIA Nano 1000 Series, VIA Nano 2000 Series, VIA C7, VIA C7-M and VIA Eden processors for easy upgrades of existing designs.


Here are some benchmarks comparing VIA Nano, VIA Nano 3000 and Intel Atom.

VIA Nano E-Series Processors VIA Nano E-Series processors are aimed specifically at the needs of the broader embedded industry, bringing technologies that will help revitalize embedded device design and power the next wave of embedded design innovation. Built on the successful 64-bit, superscalar architecture that powers the VIA Nano 3000 Series processor range, VIA Nano E-Series processors include extended longevity support of up to seven years and offer the most complete, low power microprocessor design in the industry today. Available at speeds from 800MHz to 1.8GHz, VIA Nano E-Series processors are a catalyst in the move to 64-bit software architecture, an essential transition for the future of the embedded industry. Operating systems such as Windows® Embedded Standard 7 will facilitate up to double data through put per clock cycle, making it easier to manipulate large data sets and increasing performance overall. The VIA Nano E-Series also brings VIA VT virtualization technology to embedded developers, allowing legacy software and applications to be used in virtual scenarios without impacting on performance. The unique VIA PadLock™ Security Engine offers hardware based data encryption standards that meet widely accepted international standards, an essential boon to protecting essential proprietary content and software.

VIA Isaiah Architecture Highlights World's most power-efficient out-of-order x86 architecture Full support for 64-bit operating systems High-performance superscalar processing Most efficient speculative floating point algorithm Advanced power and thermal management Full CPU virtualization support Leading-edge VIA PadLock™ hardware security features Pin-to-pin compatibility provides natural upgrade path from other VIA processors

AMD(ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES)

Intel is not only the company battling in the grounds of processor technology..........we yet have another company named  AMD(Advanced Micro Devices)
here are the list of processors offered by  AMD

Desktop Processors

AMD Phenom™ II Processors AMD Phenom™ Processors AMD Athlon™ II Processors AMD Athlon™ X2 Dual-Core Processors AMD Athlon™ Processor AMD Sempron™ Processor AMD Sempron™ Processor-in-a-Box AMD Athlon™ II Processor-in-a-Box AMD Phenom™ II Processor-in-a-Box

Black Edition AMD Phenom™ II Processor-in-a-Box

Embedded Processors AMD Opteron™ Processor Family Socket AM3/AM2 Processors AMD Athlon™ | AMD Athlon X2 Dual-Core Processors AMD Turion™ II Neo | AMD Athlon™ II Neo Processors (ASB2) AMD Turion™ Neo, AMD Athlon™ Neo and AMD Sempron™ Processors (ASB1) Socket S1 Mobile AMD Turion and AMD Sempron Processors AMD Geode™ LX Processor Family

Server Processors AMD Opteron™ 6000 Series Platform AMD Opteron™ 4000 Series Platform Six-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor Quad-Core AMD Opteron™ Processor AMD Opteron™ Processor-in-a-Box

 AMD phenom is one of their latest releases.......

AMD Phenom™ II Processors 

 

  Unbeatable multi-core value with AMD Phenom™ II processors. They deliver The Ultimate Visual Experience™ for high definition entertainment, advanced multitasking performance, and power-saving innovations for smaller, cooler machines that are energy efficient.

 

Features & Benefits Smoother faster experience, even when running complex software application with native Multi-Core Technology Scaled performance to conserve PC power with HyperTransport® 3.0 Technology Hear your music, not your PC with AMD PowerNow!™ Technology (Cool’n’Quiet™ Technology) Prevent the spread of certain viruses and strengthen your network integrity with Enhanced Virus Protection (EVP)*

Visual Experience

Live your life in HD. AMD Phenom™ II is for high definition entertainment, gaming, creativity, and beyond. With AMD Phenom™ II processors as the foundation, you'll enjoy a new level of responsiveness and visual intensity. AMD puts high definition computing within everyone’s reach.
Superior technologies for HD video. Enjoy a superior high definition experience for HD videos on you PC. AMD Phenom™ II processor are the powerful engine behind your fidelity, high definition video entertainment experience. Only AMD puts the Ultimate Visual Experience™ for HD video within your reach.
Enjoy entertainment beyond your media library. Get HD content online, offline, wherever you want it, however you want it. Your system can handle whatever you dish out - and serve it up on screen in full, high definition glory.*
Perfect chemistry. Combine AMD Phenom™ II processors and ATI Radeon™ HD graphics to really see the difference. Enjoy smooth video, brilliant videos and immersive games. AMD unleashes visual clarity and responsiveness for what you want to do.

Performance

Do it all. AMD Phenom™ II processors have the power to do it all. Featuring next-generation quad-core design, they crush even the most demanding tasks. So design it, render it, play it, create it, stream it, HD it.* With AMD Phenom™ II processors, if you can imagine it, you can do it.

Energy Efficient

Make a choice you can feel good about. AMD Phenom™ II processors were designed with energy efficiency in mind. Capitalizing on AMD's leadership in energy efficiency, they incorporate all of the latest technology that gives you performance when you need it and save power when you don’t.
Look for ENERGY STAR® with AMD. Thanks to AMD's power-saving innovations, you can count on machines based on AMD Phenom™ II processors for the energy efficiency you want and the performance you need.

AMD Phenom™ II Key Architectural Features 

AMD Phenom™ II X6 Six-Core Processors

The backbone of the VISION Black technology platform, the new AMD Phenom™ II X6 six-core processors are the fastest CPUs AMD has ever created. The AMD Phenom™ II X6 six-core processors are also the world's only six-core processors for under $200*. At the heart of a VISION Black Technology platform, the AMD Phenom II X6 processor is the most advanced AMD desktop processor and features innovative AMD Turbo CORE technology to adjust to the dynamic needs of performance users.

New AMD Turbo CORE Technology

Both the AMD Phenom™ II X6 1055T and 1090T come equipped with AMD's new Turbo CORE technology. AMD Turbo CORE technology is a performance boosting technology that automatically switches from six cores to three turbocharged core for applications that just need raw speed over multiple cores. While in Turbo CORE mode, the AMD Phenom™ II X6 1090T shifts frequency speed from 3.2GHz on six cores, to 3.6GHz on three cores, making it the fastest processor AMD has ever created.

AMD Phenom™ II Triple and Quad-Core Processors

• True quad-core and triple-core designed from the ground up for better communication between cores.
  • Benefit: Cores can communicate on die rather than on package for better performance

AMD64 with Direct Connect Architecture

• Helps improve system performance and efficiency by directly connecting the processors, the memory controller, and the I/O to the CPU.
• Designed to enable simultaneous 32- and 64-bit computing
• Integrated Memory Controller
  • Benefits: Increases application performance by dramatically reducing memory latency
  • Scales memory bandwidth and performance to match compute needs
  • HyperTransport™ Technology provides up to 16.0GB/s peak bandwidth per processor—reducing I/O bottlenecks
  • Up to 37GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)

AMD Balanced Smart Cache

• Shared L3 cache (either 6MB or 4MB)
• 512K L2 cache per core
  • Benefit: Shortened access times to the highly accessed data for better performance.

AMD Wide Floating Point Accelerator

• 128-bit floating point unit (FPU)
• High performance (128bit internal data path) floating point unit per core.
  • Benefit: Larger data paths and quicker floating point calculations for better performance.

HyperTransport™ Technology

• One 16-bit link at up to 4000MT/s
• Up to 8.0GB/s HyperTransport™ I/O bandwidth; Up to 16GB/s in HyperTransport Generation 3.0 mode
• Up to 37GB/s total delivered processor-to-system bandwidth (HyperTransport bus + memory bus)
  • Benefit: Quick access times to system I/O for better performance.

Integrated DRAM Controller with AMD Memory Optimizer Technology

• A high-bandwidth, low-latency integrated memory controller
• Supports PC2-8500 (DDR2-1066); PC2-6400 (DDR2-800), PC2-5300 (DDR2-667), PC2-4200 (DDR2-533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMs – AM2+
• Support for unregistered DIMMs up to PC2 8500(DDR2-1066MHz) and PC3 10600 (DDR3-1333MHz) – AM3
• Up to 17.1GB/s memory bandwidth for DDR2 and up to 21GB/s memory bandwidth for DDR3
  • Benefit: Quick access to system memory for better performance.

AMD Virtualization™ (AMD-V™) Technology With Rapid Virtualization Indexing

• Silicon feature-set enhancements designed to improve the performance, reliability, and security of existing and future virtualization environments by allowing virtualized applications with direct and rapid access to their allocated memory.
  • Benefit: Helps virtualization software to run more securely and efficiently enabling a better experience when dealing with virtual systems

AMD PowerNow!™ Technology (Cool’n’Quiet™ Technology)

• Enhanced power management features which automatically and instantaneously adjusts performance states and features based on processor performance requirements
• For quieter operation and reduced power requirements
  • Benefit: Enables cooler and quieter platform designs by providing extremely efficient performance and energy usage.

AMD CoolCore™ Technology

• Reduces processor energy consumption by turning off unused parts of the processor. For example, the memory controller can turn off the write logic when reading from memory, helping reduce system power.
• Works automatically without the need for drivers or BIOS enablement.
• Power can be switched on or off within a single clock cycle, saving energy with no impact to performance.
  • Benefit: Helps users get more efficient performance by dynamically activating or turning off parts of the processor.

Dual Dynamic Power Management™

• Enables more granular power management capabilities to reduce processor energy consumption.
• Separate power planes for cores and memory controller, for optimum power consumption and performance, creating more opportunities for power savings within the cores and memory controller.
  • Benefit: Helps improve platform efficiency by providing on demand memory performance while still allowing for decreased system power consumption

INTEL 2010 PROCESSORS

Intel® Multi-Core Technology(included in corei3,corei5,corei7)

Permanently altering the course of computing as we know it, Intel® multi-core technology provides new levels of energy efficient performance, enabled by advanced parallel processing and 2nd generation high-K + metal gate 32nm technology. Incorporating multiple processor execution cores in a single package delivering full parallel execution of multiple software threads, Intel multi-core technology enables higher levels of performance, dividing the power typically required by a higher frequency single core processor with equivalent performance.
With Intel® Turbo Boost Technology, depending upon the work load, the power and frequency can be distributed across many cores or focused on fewer cores through the use of power gating—an internal power management unit that can “turn off” power to entire cores. An Intel® Turbo Boost Technology enabled processor can boost performance on the core or cores still active by raising the clock speed. Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology(Intel® HT Technology) can additionally increase efficiency by executing two software threads on a single core to get more done with less power than if separate cores were active. Together, these technologies provide a breakthrough experience in performance and responsiveness for notebook and desktop PCs, workstations, and servers.
By innovating future architectures that can hold dozens or even hundreds of processors on a single die, we're ensuring that Intel® technologies will continue to keep pace with demands well into the future.

Two, four, eight, and more cores

Current 32nm Intel® technology provides for one, two, four, and eight cores in a single processor. And Intel has already demonstrated a 32nm-based six core desktop processor to be introduced in 2010. Ideal for multitasking and multimedia, Intel multi-core technology delivers exceptional energy efficient performance for the ultimate computing experience.

All the new intel core processors except the core i3 series comes with an intel turbo boost technology.

Intel® Turbo Boost Technology Performance on demand

Intel® Turbo Boost Technology is one of the many exciting features that Intel has built into latest-generation Intel® micro architecture codename Nehalem. It automatically allows processor cores to run faster than the base operating frequency if it's operating below power, current, and temperature specification limits.

Dynamically increasing performance

Intel Turbo Boost Technology is activated when the Operating System (OS) requests the highest processor performance state (P0).
The maximum frequency of Intel Turbo Boost Technology is dependent on the number of active cores. The amount of time the processor spends in the Intel Turbo Boost Technology state depends on the workload and operating environment.
Any of the following can set the upper limit of Intel Turbo Boost Technology on a given workload:

• Number of active cores
• Estimated current consumption
• Estimated power consumption
• Processor temperature

When the processor is operating below these limits and the user's workload demands additional performance, the processor frequency will dynamically increase by 133 MHz on short and regular intervals until the upper limit is met or the maximum possible upside for the number of active cores is reached.
Also it includes hyper threading technology.

Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology)

Today's Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology)¹ delivers thread-level parallelism on each processor resulting in more efficient use of processor resources—higher processing throughput—and improved performance on multi-threaded software.
An Intel® processor and chipset combined with an OS and BIOS supporting Intel® HT Technology allows you to:

• Run demanding applications simultaneously while maintaining system responsiveness
• Keep systems more secure, efficient, and manageable while minimizing impact on productivity
• Provide headroom for future business growth and new solution capabilities

Enabling better graphics

With Intel HT Technology multimedia enthusiasts can create, edit, and encode graphically intensive files while running background applications such as virus protection software without compromising system performance.

Improving business efficiency

With Intel HT Technology, multi-threaded software applications can execute threads in parallel within each processor core. When Intel HT Technology and Intel® Turbo Boost Technology are combined in processors based on Intel® Microarchitecture, codenamed Nehalem, intelligent server processors deliver better performance by adapting to the workload and automatically disabling inactive cores and increasing processor frequency on remaining cores to get the tasks done quicker.
With Intel HT Technology, businesses can:

• Improve business productivity by doing more simultaneously without slowing down
• Provide faster response times for Internet and e-commerce applications, enhancing customer experiences
• Increase the number of transactions that can be processed simultaneously
• Utilize existing 32-bit applications technologies while maintaining 64-bit future readiness 

 We can expect tera scale computing in the future thats what intel has in its vision..........
which they will achieve through the 'single chip cloud computer'.......

Intel Labs has created an experimental “Single-chip Cloud Computer,” a research microprocessor containing the most Intel Architecture cores ever integrated on silicon CPU chip – 48 cores. It incorporates technologies intended to scale multi-core processors to 100 cores and beyond, such as an on-chip network, advanced power management technologies and support for “message-passing.” Architecturally, the chip resembles a cloud of computers integrated into silicon.

Tera-scale Computing Research Vision
By scaling multi-core architectures to 10s to 100s of cores and embracing a shift to parallel programming, we aim to improve performance and increase energy-efficiency.
"Tera" means 1 trillion, or 1,000,000,000,000. Our vision is to create platforms capable of performing trillions of calculations per second (teraflops) on trillions of bytes of data (terabytes).